stator
The crucial function of the stator is to produce a stable magnetic field encompassing the rotor of the BDC motor. This magnetic field can be generated through either permanent magnets or electromagnetic windings. Classification of BDC motors is based on the stator's structure or the manner in which the electromagnetic windings are connected to the power source. To learn about the various types of BDC motors, please consult the stepper motor types.
Rotor
The rotor (also called the armature) consists of one or more windings. When these windings are excited, a magnetic field is generated. The magnetic poles of the rotor magnetic field will attract the opposite magnetic poles of the stator magnetic field, thereby causing the stator to rotate. During the rotation of the motor, the windings are continuously excited in a different sequence, so the magnetic poles produced by the rotor will never overlap with the magnetic poles produced by the stator. This conversion of the magnetic field in the rotor winding is called commutation.